WHAT DO DERMATOLOGISTS THINK OF RED LIGHT THERAPY?

What Do Dermatologists Think of Red Light Therapy?

What Do Dermatologists Think of Red Light Therapy?

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Red light therapy (RLT), also known as photobiomodulation or low-level light therapy, has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential to address various skin concerns, from wrinkles and acne to hair loss and inflammation. As its popularity surges, particularly on social media platforms like TikTok, dermatologists have weighed in on its efficacy, safety, and practical applications.



Dermatologists’ Perspectives on Red Light Therapy


Potential Benefits for Skin Health


Red light therapy is praised for its non-invasive nature and ability to stimulate cellular processes. According to board-certified dermatologist Dr. Dendy Engelman, “Red light therapy is a low-level laser light therapy that exposes the skin to low wavelengths of light in order to address a number of skin concerns. The light causes cells to work more efficiently and regenerate and repair damage, without pain or downtime.” This mechanism involves energizing mitochondria, the powerhouse of cells, which enhances cellular function and promotes healing.


Dr. Heather Rogers, a board-certified dermatologist, explains, “When exposed to red and infrared wavelengths, the cells in our bodies absorb energy from the light, become more efficient in their use of oxygen, and are better able to make cell fuel, or ATP.” This process promotes cellular turnover and collagen production, which can “minimize the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, acne scars, and other skin texture concerns.” Dr. Engelman adds that RLT also holds anti-inflammatory properties, helping to “reduce puffiness and calm irritated skin.”


A 2020 study cited by Dr. Erum Ilyas, a board-certified dermatologist, found that “light emitting diode (LED) phototherapy may be effective when it comes to treating aging skin, with red light therapy showing promise for positive skin rejuvenation effects by boosting fibroblasts—which make collagen and, in turn, gives skin its structure, strength and elasticity.” Dr. Ilyas notes that one of the most notable benefits is the improved quality and texture of the skin.


For specific skin conditions, Dr. Lauren Fine, medical director of Fine Dermatology in Chicago, highlights its utility: “It has utility in the treatment of acne and for skin rejuvenation purposes, making it popular for both young and older patients.” She notes that RLT can help with collagen stimulation, minimize fine lines and wrinkles with regular use, and improve overall skin quality. Dr. Rachel Nazarian, a board-certified dermatologist in New York, emphasizes, “There is no doubt that red light can be very, very beneficial to skin,” particularly for stimulating cells to create new energy.



Applications Beyond Anti-Aging


Beyond aesthetic benefits, red light therapy shows promise for other dermatological conditions. Dr. Anthony Rossi, a New York-based dermatologist, notes that “red light is something dermatologists have been using for quite some time now,” particularly for wound healing and reducing inflammation. Dr. Danilo Del Campo adds that RLT stimulates the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which can heal wounds and stimulate hair growth by regulating oil production and boosting collagen.


For acne, Dr. Nazanin Saedi, a board-certified dermatologist in Philadelphia, explains that RLT’s anti-inflammatory properties are key: “Red light is effective at reducing inflammation because it triggers the formation of blood vessels and increases production of collagen and fibroblasts, all of which cause inflammation to go down.” A small study cited by UCLA Health found that a series of six treatments every two weeks resulted in improvements for people with mild to severe acne, particularly when combined with blue light therapy.


Hair loss is another area where RLT has shown potential. Dr. Zakia Rahman, clinical professor of dermatology at Stanford, explains that red light therapy, particularly in clinical settings, can stimulate hair growth by delivering light to the scalp. However, she cautions that it’s ineffective for completely bald areas with dead follicles. A large randomized controlled trial found that low-level laser therapy was as effective as minoxidil for hereditary hair loss, with the best results seen when both were combined.



Safety and Considerations


Dermatologists generally consider red light therapy safe when used correctly. Dr. Lauren Fine states, “There is very little risk overall,” though she cautions that certain medications can make the skin photosensitive, increasing sensitivity to light. Dr. Jean Charles of U.S. Dermatology Partners adds, “Unlike tanning beds and other types of light therapy that expose skin to damaging UV light, red light therapy isn’t known to cause cellular damage.” However, rare cases of redness, burns, or blistering have been reported, often due to overuse or device malfunctions.


Eye safety is a critical concern. Dr. Elizabeth Buzney, assistant professor of dermatology at Harvard Medical School, advises, “It is important to shield your eyes from the light while using them.” Dr. Rossi echoes this, recommending proper eye protection to avoid potential eye issues. The American Academy of Dermatology Association also warns that people with darker skin tones should be cautious, as their skin may be more sensitive to red light, potentially leading to hyperpigmentation.



In-Office vs. At-Home Devices


Dermatologists often emphasize the difference between professional and at-home RLT devices. Dr. Rossi recommends in-office treatments, stating, “Seeing a board-certified dermatologist who does red light therapy ... is probably your best bet, because the tools that they’re using are medical grade, they’re standardized, they know how to use them, they know how to properly place them.” Dr. Rahman notes that clinical devices are almost always more powerful than at-home options.


However, at-home devices, many of which are FDA-cleared, are considered safe and convenient for maintenance. Dr. Debra Jaliman suggests that at-home RLT is “probably okay to do three to five times a week, as long as the manufacturer’s instructions are carefully followed.” She stresses the importance of using LED-shielding goggles and not overusing devices. Dr. Levine acknowledges that at-home devices can be effective but recommends starting with professional treatments to ensure customization to individual goals.



Limitations and Need for Further Research


While RLT shows promise, dermatologists agree that more research is needed. Dr. Marissa Heller, assistant professor of dermatology at Harvard, notes, “The long-term safety of these light therapies remains uncertain.” Dr. Nour Kibbi from Stanford cautions, “There’s real evidence that shows red light can change biology, but that’s not the same as saying it’s some kind of panacea for many different health conditions.” The Cleveland Clinic also highlights that “many researchers say more clinical trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness as a treatment.”


Dr. Nazarian points out the challenge of device variability: “It can be hard to know the exact efficacy of these devices, since they’re not very standardized and may vary in their strength, number of light bulbs and proximity to skin.” The American Academy of Dermatology Association adds that comparing results across studies is difficult due to differences in devices, treatment durations, and study designs.


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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)


1. What is red light therapy, and how does it work?


Red light therapy (RLT) is a therapeutic technique that uses low-level wavelengths of red or near-infrared light to treat skin conditions like wrinkles, acne, scars, and hair loss. It works by stimulating mitochondria, the energy source of cells, to improve cell function, increase collagen production, and reduce inflammation. “It uses low levels of red light to target your skin and cells. It is thought to work by increasing the production of mitochondria, your cells’ energy sources.”



2. Is red light therapy safe?


Yes, RLT is generally safe when used correctly. “Red light therapy appears to be mostly safe when used correctly, especially in the short term.” However, precautions include protecting the eyes, as bright lights can cause damage, and consulting a dermatologist, especially for those with photosensitive conditions or darker skin tones.



3. Can red light therapy be done at home?


Yes, many FDA-cleared at-home devices, such as masks, wands, and panels, are available. However, they are typically less powerful than in-office devices. “Red light therapy, particularly for hair growth or skin rejuvenation, delivered in a clinic will almost always be more powerful than any at-home device.” Always follow manufacturer instructions and consult a dermatologist before starting.



4. How long does it take to see results?


Results vary based on the condition, device, and frequency of use. Some may notice improvements immediately, while others may require weeks or months of consistent use. “It usually takes about eight weeks after starting a new treatment to notice results.” For anti-aging, noticeable changes in fine lines and wrinkles may take three to six months.



5. What skin conditions can red light therapy treat?


RLT is used for wrinkles, acne, scars, rosacea, psoriasis, eczema, and hair loss. It’s particularly effective for reducing inflammation and stimulating collagen production. “It can improve fine lines, wrinkles, and sun damage, while stimulating collagen production.” It’s also shown promise for wound healing and post-procedure recovery.



6. Are there any side effects?


Side effects are rare but may include redness, swelling, or blistering if overused. Eye damage is a concern without proper protection. “There have been reports of burns, lesions, and blistering from using RLT units.” People with photosensitive disorders or those on certain medications should consult a dermatologist.



7. Does red light therapy replace other dermatological treatments?


No, RLT is often used as a complementary therapy. “This is not going to mean you don’t do your Botox Cosmetic, your fillers, your lasers — that’s separate, those are done in the doctor’s office, but these red lights are really fantastic because you have the power to do them at home and safely for most people.” It’s best used alongside standard treatments like medicated creams or microneedling.



8. Is red light therapy covered by insurance?


RLT is typically not covered by health insurance, as it’s considered a cosmetic treatment. “Red light therapy typically isn’t a covered treatment. You may want to call your health insurance company before seeking treatment.” Costs can vary, with in-office sessions ranging from $80 to $300 per treatment.



Conclusion


Red light therapy has earned a place in dermatology for its potential to improve skin texture, reduce inflammation, and support hair growth, with dermatologists like Dr. Rossi and Dr. Engelman championing its benefits in clinical and at-home settings. While it’s not a cure-all, its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects make it an appealing option for many.

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